Some of the prominent Siddhars are Agasthiyar, Gorraknath, Machanath, Dhanvanthri, Pulipaani, Theriyar, Yakobu, Bogar, Thirumoolar, Konganavar etc. The Siddha system comprises of codified procedures for Medicine manufacturing (Standard Operating Procedures) , Disease diagnosis by Nadi (Pulse reading) Sara Payirchi (Diagnosis by flow of respiration) Envagai Thervu (Attavitha Paritchai – 8 Types of Testing) Manikadai Nool (Diagnosis by Measuring the forearm), Kayakalpa practices such as Amuri, Muppu (Trisalt combinations). A special treatment methodology called Varma Maruthuvam ( Varmology)had been widely practiced by Siddha physicians in Tamilnadu.
Ayurveda means science of life, which is based on Atharva Veda , one of the oldest scriptures of Hindus. Ayurveda was perceived by god Brahma and he taught it to his disciples, Atreya Samprudaya and Dhanvanthari samprudaya are the two samprudaya of Ayurveda . The Atreya Samprudaya primarly deals with medicine and the Dhanvanthari Samprudaya mainly deals with surgery .
The object of Ayurveda is to counteract the imbalance of Tridoshas (vata, pitta, kapha) from which the body originates .It is the Tridoshas which regularizes the normal function of the human body. Ancient treatise of Ayurveda have been broadly classified into two groups
- The Brahat trayee (Greater triad )
- The Laghu trayee (Lesser triad )
Charaka Samhita ,Susruta Sahmita & Astanga Hridya are the Brahat trayee, Madhava nidhana , saranghadhara sahmita & Bhavaprakasha are the The Laghu trayee in all this text herbal formulations and panchakarma are given greater importance
The Medicines are manufactured from Mooligai (Plant), Dhatu (Metal, Minerals) and Jeeva (Animal products) which had been classified into Internal Medicine – 64 Nos. and External Medicine – 64 Nos. The Suthi (De-toxification and Potentiation) processes are well explained and implemented practically. Around 1200 herbs are under practice for the use of Medicinal preparation. The treatment concept of Siddhars is “Veru paru, Thalai paru, minjinakkal mella, mella Parpam chendooram pare” (Treat initially with leaves, then roots of the herbs, If the severity is not alleviated, then go for Parpam and Chendooram).
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